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Groupe de Combat 12 : ウィキペディア英語版 | Groupe de Combat 12
Groupe de Combat 12 (GC 12) 'Les Cigognes' ('The Storks') was the most celebrated and successful French Air Service Groupe de Chasse during the World War I. Its roster included Georges Guynemer, René Dorme, Alfred Heurteaux, René Fonck, Raoul Echard, Joseph-Henri Guiguet, Roland Garros, Mathieu Tenant de la Tour, among other French WWI aces. The fliers from CG 12 carried a different stork insignia on their planes. 〔Guttman, Jon. ''(Groupe De Combat 12, Les Cigognes: France's Ace Fighter Group in World War 1 )''. Oxford: Osprey, 2004.〕 ==History==
It originated as an ad hoc group, ''Groupement de Combat de la Somme''. Four ''escadrilles'' were consolidated in this group—''Escadrilles N3'', ''N26'', ''N73'', and ''N103''. Founded on 16 April 1916〔 to fight in the Second Battle of the Aisne,〔Franks, Bailey 1992, p. 92.〕 the makeshift group also had three other ''escadrilles'' temporarily assigned—''N37'', ''N62'', and ''N65''. The group was placed under command of Capitaine Felix Brocard; he was promoted from command of ''Escadrille 3N''. On 1 November 1916, it was formalized as ''Groupe de Combat 12''; its original table of organization contained the four permanent ''escadrilles''.〔Franks, Bailey 1992, pp.89, 103.〕 On 28 January 1917, the unit was posted to the X Armee. It transferred to the VII Armee in March. On 12 July, it moved to support Ier Armee in Flanders. GC 12 was transferred to VI Armee again on 11 December 1917.〔Franks, Bailey 1992, p. 89.〕 On 18 January 1918, ''Escadrille 67'' replaced ''Escadrille 73'' within the ''groupe''. The ''groupe'' made the transition to support X Armee on 5 June 1918; to V Armee on 17 July; to Ier Armee on 29 July; and to IV Armee on 18 September 1918.〔
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